Motor.



G. L. WILKINS.

MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3, 1908.

Patented l\ov.242,1910.

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C. L. WILKINS.

MOTOR.

APPLIUATIoN VFILED JUNE s, 190B.

Patented N ov. 22, 1910.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. WILKINS, 0F COLUMBUS, OHIO.

MOTOR.

aveces.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. VILKINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in motors, and consists essentially of a plurality of valves, one adapted to be actuated by the other, whereby a single piston head may be used instead ofthe double piston head now in common use; this construction makes it possible to increase the length of the stroke of the piston head, thereby causing the motor to do more work; the valve construction is simple, is positive in its movement, and is easy of access for repair or other purposes, inasmuch as the valve cylinders and the main cylinder are provided with caps at their ends, which may be readily disengaged, and when an end is removed, the valve may be easily takenl from its cylinder out through the open end.

I provide further a construction in which the motive pressure after operating to actuate one valve is transmitted into the adjacent valve cylinder to operate the valve therein in the opposite direction.

I provide further features of construction and their combinations which will be hereinafter clearly set forth.

Referring to the drawings which are hereto attached and hereby made a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the main cylinder and one valve cylinder, along the line 5 5 of Fig. 5 Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the valve chambers along the line 4 4 of Fig. 5; Fig. 3 is a side view of the motor in operating position, the valve cylinders being removed; Fig. 4 is a view of the plate carrying the valve cylinders detached from the main cylinder, the ports and passageways being illustrated thereby; Fig. 5 is a section along the line 3 3 of Fig. 3 assuming the valve chambers to be in proper position thereon; Fig. 6 is a section along the line 1 1 ot Fig. 3, assuming the valve chambers to be in proper position thereon; Fig. 7 is a section along the line 2 2 of Fig. 3, assuming the valve chambers to be in proper position thereon.

In the drawings in which the same numeral indicates the same parts throughout, 1 indicates the main cylinder provided with Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led June 3, 1908.

Patented Nov. 22, 1910.

Serial No. 436,357.

the detachable ends 2 and 3, the former being secured in position by the bolts shown at 4, and the latter being formed with threads as shown at 4a; the piston rod 5 is mounted in the cylinder 1 for reciprocation therein, in the usual manner, and carries the piston head 6, which is maintained in position by means of the nuts 7 and 8. Two valve cylinders 9 and 10 are provided upon the plate 11, which is adapted to rest upon and be secured to plate 12 by the screws or bolts provided at 13, whereby the valve cylinders are readily positioned upon and removed from the main cylinder 1. Further, the valve cylinders are provided with caps at their ends, shown at 14, 15, 16 and 17, which are threaded as shown at 18 so that they may readily be attached or detached. A wall 19 between the valve cylinders 9 and 10, supports the same, and is provided with passageways from one valve cylinder to the other.

The valves 20 and 21 are provided with the packing rings, as shown at 22 and 23, it being deemed unnecessary to indicate each one of said rings; it is seen that chambers are formed between these packing rings as indicated at 24, 25, 2G, and 27, the other chambers thus formed being readily observed. Between the end of the valve cvlinder and the irst packing ring adjacent thereto is formed a chamber which may be designated in valve cylinder 9 at 23 and 29, and in valve cylinder 10 at 30 and 31. It is further perceived that each valve is mounted to reciprocate in its cylinder, and carries at its ends the projections which may be designated. on valve 20 at 32 and 33, and on valve 21 at 34 and 35; when the valve has been moved to the limit of its travel in one direction by the motive power, as in the case of valve 20, the extension 33 will engage with cap 17, as shown in Fig. 2, whereby the travel of the valve in that direction is terminated; and further referring to Fig. 2,

gagement between the extension 32 .and the4 cap 14, with reference to the valve 20, and by the engagement of the extension 34 with the cap 16 with reference to the valve 21.

The chambers formed between the packing rings, as at 24 or 39 will contain the motive pressure therein at all times, and as the valves move in one direction or the other, the chambers are brought into or moved out ofV communication with the ports provided, in the manner and for the purpose yhereinafter to be described.

In my construct-ion the motive pressure is adapted to be admitted at the inlet 36, and to be exhausted at the outlet 37 The motive pressure entering inlet 36 passes through the port 38 into the chamber-39, and thence by way of port 40 and passageway 41 through port 42 in the main cylinder 1, and operates therein to move the piston head 6 to the position shown in Fig. 1; while the piston has been thus traveling through the main cylinder 1, the motive pressure contained therein on the opposite side of the piston `head designated generally as 43, has been forced outwardly through the port 44, passageway 45 and port 46 into the chamber 26, and thence outwardly through the port 48 into the outlet 37 It should be here stated that exhaust port 48 and exhaust port 60, hereinafter mentioned, are at all times in communication with outlet 37 yReferring to Fig. 2, the valves 20 and 21 are there properly positioned to permit the flow -of the motive pressure in the manner just described to move the piston head 6 to the position which it occupies in Fig. 1; when the piston has reached the point shown in Fig. 1, it is noted that a port 49 is uncovered thereby, which admits motive pressure through passageway 50 and port 51 into the chamber 52, and thence outwardly through port 53, passageway 54 and port 55 into chamber 28 at the end of valve cylinder 9, as shown in Fig. 2.

The motive pressure in chamber 29 of valve `cylinder 9, which actuated the valve 20 to the position shown in Fig. 2, will now be exhausted therefrom in the following manner, to permit the travel of valve 20 in the opposite direction under the influence of the motive pressure which has been admitted to chamber 28 as above described, namely: outwardly through port 56, passageway 57 and port 58 into chamber 27 of valve cylinder 10, thence outwardly through port 60 into outlet 37. Valve 20 being thereupon ree to move under the influence of the motive pressure entering through port 55 into the chamber 28, will therefore travel in the opposite direction until the extension 32 thereon engages the-cap 14. It should be here stated that the chamber 24 is constantly filled with the motive pressure which Aenters the same through port v38, chamber 39 and passageway 61, and when the valve 20 is driven into the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 2, chamber 24 is brought into communication with port 62, whereby motive pressure is admitted into passageway 63 and through port 64 into chamber 3l of valve cylinder 10, whereby the valve 21 is actuated to the opposite position from that shown for said valve in Fig. 2, during which travel of said valve 21, the motive pressure in chamber 30, by which valve 21 was actuated to the position shown in Fig. 2, will be exhausted as follows: Through the travel of valve 20 to assume the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 2, chamber 25 is placed in communication with port 65, whereby the motive pressure in chamber 30 is exhausted through port 66 and passageway 67 through port 65 into chamber 25, thence outwardly 'through passageway 68 into chamber 26, thence outwardly through port 48 into outlet 37. The motive pressure thus entering the chamber 31 through port 64 as described above, drives valve 21 toward the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 2, thereby establishing communication between port 46 and chamber 39, which admits motive pressure from chamber 39 through port 46, passageway 45 and port 44 into chamber 43 of main cylinder 1, thereby operating to drive the piston head 6 toward the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 1. By this movement of the piston head, the motive pressure in the opposite end of the main cylinder is exhausted through port 42, passageway 41, and port 40 into chamber 27, thence outwardly through port 60 into outlet 37 When piston head 6 passes port 69, motive pressure actuating said piston head 6 is admitted through port 69, passageway 70, and port 71 into chamber 72, which has been brought into communication with port 58 by the travel of valve 21, thence outwardly through port 58, passageway 57 and port 56 into chamber 29 of valve cylinder 9. rlhe motive pressure thus being admitted into the chamber 29, will operate to move valve 20 toward the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2; the motive pressure in chamber 28 which was effective to move valve 20 into its opposite position from that shown in Fig. 2, will now be exhausted outwardly through. port 55, passageway 54 and port 53 into chamber 26, which has been placed in communication with port 53 by the travel of valve 21 toward the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 2, which thereby establishes communication between said port 53 and port 48, through which the motive pressure from chamber 28 will now be exhausted into outlet 37.

As explained above, chamber 24 always contains pressure iuid, and when valve 20 has been driven into the position shown in Fig. 2, communication is established between chamber 24 and port 65 through which the motive pressure will entermpassageway 67 and thence outwardly through sac/epee to chamber 30 will operate to drive valve 21 into the position shown in Fig. 2; the

motive pressure which operated to drive valve 21 into the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 2, will be exhausted during this return movement of valve 21 through port 64, passageway 63,' and port 62 into chamber 73, thence outwardly through passageway 74 into chamber 27 thence outwardly through port 60 into outlet 37.

It will be noted that communication for the motive pressure between main cylinder 1 and valve cylinder 10 is provided through port 69, passageway and port 71 into chamber 72, the ports being as shown in Figs. 1 and 2; during this position of the ports, there is no outlet from chamber 72, and the motive pressure actuating piston head 6 will therefore be admitted to chamber 72 but will not escape therefrom. Meanwhile, the motive pressure in chamber 30 maintains valve 21 in its position as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and thereby prevents any creeping or slipping of the valve along the cylinder, whereby the motive pressure in chamber 72 is maintained therein by the packing rings until the positions of the valves is changed as hereinbefore described. It will be noted further that the motive pressure is in chamber 24 between the packing rings, which engage the cylinder walls with sufficient friction to prevent any movement of the valve 2O until the motive pressure is admitted to drive said valve in the opposite direction.

It will be understood that when piston head 6 is in the opposite position from that,

shown in Fig. 1, communication is established between main cylinder 1 and valve cylinder 10 through port 49, passageway 50 and port 51 into chamber 52, and in the reverse positions of the piston head and valve 21, chamber 52 is not in communication with any outlet, and therefore the motive pressure in chamber 52 will be retained therein by the packing rings which are in frictional engagement with the valve cylinder walls. Further, in this reverse position of valve 21, it will beheld against retrograde movement or slipping or creeping thereof by the motive pressure in chamber 31; therefore the motive pressure in chamber 52 can not escape therefrom and is retained therein.

It will be further seen from the foregoing description that the motive pressure acting upon the valves maintains them positively at the ends of their travel until the piston head 6 or one or the valves has assumed the reverse position, and that all movement of, the valves therefore takes place positively, and there is no opportunity for the escape of the motive pressure until the proper communication has been established between the valve cylinders and the main cylinder as desired.

To recapitulate: On the assumption that the parts are in the positions shown in the drawings, piston head 6 moving toward chamber 43, the motive pressure is being admitted through inlet 36, port 38, chamber 39, port 40, passageway 41, port 42, into main cylinder 1; port 49 having just been uncovered by piston head 6, the motive pressure passes outwardly through port 49, passageway 50, port 51 into chamber 52, thence outwardly through port 53, passageway 54 and port 55 into chamber 28 of valve cylinder 9. Valve 20 will now begin its travel from the position shown in Fig. 2, and the mot-ive pressure in chamber 29 will exhaust therefrom through port 56, passageway 57, port 58, chamber 27, and port 60 into outlet 37. As soon as chamber 24 in valve cylinder 9 has been brought into communication with port 62, motive pressure will pass through chamber 24, port 62, passageway 63, port 64, into chamber 31 of valve cylinder 10, to act-nate valve 21 from the position shown in Fig. 2. Further, during the movement described for valve 20, port 65 will be brought into communication with chamber 25, whereupon the motive pressure in chamber 30 will be exhausted by the movement of valve 21, through port 66, passageway 67, port 65, chamber 25, port 68, chamber 26, and port 48 into outlet 37. Through the movement of valve 21, port 46 is placed in communication with chamber 39, and consequently with port 38, whereby motive pressure from chamber' 39 passes through port 46, passageway 45, port 44, into chamber 43, to drive the piston head 6 in the opposite direction. Meanwhile, the movement of said valve 21 has brought port 40 into communication with chamber 27 and port 60, whereby, upon the reverse movement of piston head 6, motive pressure in main cylinder 1 will exhaust through port 42, passageway 41, port 40, chamber 27 and port 60 into outlet 37.

It will be noted that communication is open between main cylinder 1 through port 69, passageway 70 and port 71, and chamber 72; and when valve 21 has moved to the opposite position from that shown in Fig. 2, communication is established between chamber 7 2 and port 58, and when piston head 6, in its reverse movement, as described, has passed port 69, the motive pressure in main cylinder 1 passes outwardly through said port 69 int-o chamber29 of valve cylinder 9, to actuate valve 20. The various communications of the valve cylinders with each other and with the main cylinder are therefore seen to be as follows: Pressure fluid to actuate valve 2O enters valve cylinder 9 at way of vport 49 and its communications, and

enters the other end of valve cylinder 9 from vmain cylinder l-through port 69 and its communications, so that all motive pressure operating to actuate valve 20 is derived by way of main cylinder 1; the exhaust from valve cylinder 9 at one end thereof is through valve cylinder 10 by way of port 56 and its communications, and `from the ot-her end thereof through valve cylinder l10 lby way of port 55 and its communications. Pressure Huid to actuate valve 21 is derived through valve cylinder 9 by wa-y of chamber 24 and port 65 and its communications, to actuate valve 21 in one direction, and lby way'of valve cylinder 9 through chamber 24 and port 62 and its communications to actuate valve 21 in the opposite direction. The exhaust from valve cylinder 10 is from one end thereof, outwardly through port 66 and its communications into chamber 25 of valve cylinder 9, thence again into valve cylinder 10 yby way of port 68 and outwardly through port 48, and from the other end thereof outwardly through port 64 and `its communications into chamber 73 of va-lve cylinder 9, and therefrom through port 74, again into valve 'cylinder 10, and outwardly through port 60. Valve cylinder 10 is seen to be in communication with main cylinder 1 through ports 40 and 46 for the purpose of admitting motive .pressure to one end or the other of said cylinder, and also for the purpose of exhaust-ing from one end or the other of said cylinder. The functions of valve 21 are therefore seen to be: 1. To establish communication between the source of pressure and the main cylinder 1 on the opposite sides of the piston head alternately. 2. To establish exhaust communication between said main cylinder 1 and the outlet 37 from the opposite sides of the piston. 3. To establish communication between the main cylinder 1 and valve cylinder 9 for the admission of movement pressure into the latter at its opposite ends alternately. 4. To establish exhaust communication between the opposite ends of valve cylinder9 alternately and outlet 37. 5. To establish exhaust communication alternately from the opposite ends of valve cylinder 10 through valve cylinder 9 into and through selected chambers in said valve cylinder 10, thence outwardly through said chamber' into outlet 37. The functions of valve 2O are seen to be as follows: l. To establish communication for the motive vpressure with the opposite ends of valve cylinder 10 alternately. 2. To maintain the pressure on the opposite ends of valve 21 alternately during the travel of the piston head. 3. To establish exhaust communication from the ends of valve cylinder 10 out through intermediate chambers in said valve cylinder 10.

Modifications 4of the construction shown l. 'In a motor comprising a main cylinder having a piston mounted therein for reciprocation, two valve cylinders havin valves mounted therein for reciprocation and having passageways through the walls thereof for communication with each other and with the main cylinder, packing rings disposed on said valves to engage the walls of the respective valve cylinders whereby chambers are formed therein, there being one chamber in one of said cylinders wherein motive pressure is constantly maintained, and one chamber in the other of said valve cylinders being adapted to be placed in communication with the motive pressure in said main cylinder as the piston head therein is traveling in either direction, to receive and retain the motive pressure until the reversing of said piston head for travel in the opposite direction.

2. In a motor comprising a main cylinder having a piston mounted therein for reciprocation, and two valve cylinders having valves with packing rings distributed thereon'at intervals mounted therein for reciprocation, and having passageways through the walls thereof for communication with each other and with said main cylinder, there being one chamber in one of said valve cylinders wherein motive pressure is constantly maintained, and a chamber in the other of said valve cylinders being adapted to be placed in'commu-nication with said main cylinder to receive the motive pressure when said piston has nearly reached the limit of its movement in either direction, said last mentioned chamber being adapted to be placed in communication with a chamber in the irst mentioned of said valve cylinders when the piston head has progressed in its movement, whereby motivepressure is admitted from said main cylinder through said last mentioned chamber into Said first mentioned chamber in said other valve cylinder.

3. In a motor comprisinoV a main cylinder having a piston mounted therein for reciprocation, two valve cylinders having valves with packing rings disposed thereon at intervals mounted therein for reciprocation, and having passageways through the walls thereof for communication with each other and the said main cylinder, there being a chamber in one of said valve cylinders wherein motive pressure is adapted constantly to be maintained, a chamber in the @ther of said valve cylinders adapted to receive motive pressure from the main cylinder and retain the same during the travel of the piston head in either direction, and a chamber in the first mentioned valve cylinder adapted to be placed in communication with the first mentioned valve cylinder chamber to form a passageway for motive pressure from said main cylinder to said first mentioned valve cylinder When said piston head has nearly reached the limit of its movement in either direction.

4C. In a motor comprising a main cylinder having a piston mounted therein :tor reciprocation, tvvo valve cylinders having valves mounted therein for reciprocation and having passageways through the Walls thereof for communication With each other and with the main cylinder, packing rings disposed on said valves to engage the Walls et the respective valve cylinders whereby chambers are formed therein, one chamber of one of said valve cylinders being adapted to be placed in communication With the motive pressure in said main cylinder as the piston head therein is traveling in either direct-ion, to receive and retain the motive pressure until the reversing of said piston head for travel in the opposite direction.

5. In a motor comprising a main cylinder having a piston mounted therein for reciprocation, and two valve cylinders having falves with packing rings distributed thereon at intervals mounted therein for reciprocation, and having passageways through the Walls thereorl for communication With each other and With said main cylinder, a chamber in one of said valve cylinders being adapted to be placed in communication with said main cylinder to receive the motive pressure when said piston has nearly reached the limit of its movement in either direction, said chamber being adapted to be placed in communication with a chamber in the other of said valve cylinders When the piston head has progressed in its movement, whereby motive pressure is admitted from said main cylinder through said first chamber into said second chamber in said other valve cylinder.

6. In a motor comprising a main cylinder having a piston mounted therein for reciprocation, tivo valve cylinders having valves with packing rings disposed thereon at intervals mounted therein for reciprocation, and having passagevvays through the Walls thereof for communication With each other and the said main cylinder, a chamber in each or said valve cylinders being adapted constantly to be in communication with the source of supply of motive pressure, and a chamber in one of said valve cylinders adapted to receive motive pressure from the main cylinder and retain the same during the travel of the piston head in either direction, and a chamber in the other oi said valve cylinders adapted to be placed in communication with the first mentioned valve cylinder chamber to form a passage Way for motive pressure from said main cylinder When said piston head has nearly reached the limit or its movement in either direction.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES L. IVILKINS.

VVi'tnesses i G Eo. W. RIGHTMIRE, HORACE S. KERR. 

